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4-hydroxy-N-acetyltryptamine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-4-methoxytryptamine
-
8% of the activity with N-acetylserotonin
-
-
?
5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxyindoleacetic acid
-
12% of the activity with N-acetylserotonin
-
-
?
bufotenine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N,N-dimethyl-5-hydroxytryptamine
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
N-methylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-methyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
9% of the activity with N-acetylserotonin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + serotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
serotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
additional information
?
-
bufotenine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N,N-dimethyl-5-hydroxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
bufotenine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N,N-dimethyl-5-hydroxytryptamine
-
14% of the activity with N-acetylserotonin
-
-
?
bufotenine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N,N-dimethyl-5-hydroxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
the enzyme is involved in melatonin biosynthesis in egg yolk, overview
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
Frog
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + serotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
enzyme AtASMT also O-methylates serotonin to produce 5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + serotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
enzyme AtASMT also O-methylates serotonin to produce 5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
?
serotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
serotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
-
7% of the activity with N-acetylserotonin
-
-
?
serotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. COMT is a multifunctional enzyme methylating a diverse array of substrates, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and arylalkylamines
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. COMT is a multifunctional enzyme methylating a diverse array of substrates, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and arylalkylamines
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the AtASMT protein catalyzes the conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin and serotonin to 5-methoxytryptamine, respectively. The enzyme exhibits no caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity, suggesting that its function is highly specific to melatonin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the AtASMT protein catalyzes the conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin and serotonin to 5-methoxytryptamine, respectively. The enzyme exhibits no caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity, suggesting that its function is highly specific to melatonin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
caffeic acid is no substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
caffeic acid is no substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. COMT is a multifunctional enzyme methylating a diverse array of substrates, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and arylalkylamines
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the AtASMT protein catalyzes the conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin and serotonin to 5-methoxytryptamine, respectively. The enzyme exhibits no caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity, suggesting that its function is highly specific to melatonin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
caffeic acid is no substrate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
absolute requirement for S-adenosylmethionine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
bovine enzyme has high specificity towards N-acetylserotonin, chicken enzyme methylates N-acetylserotonin and to some extent serotonin and bufotenine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
absolute requirement for S-adenosylmethionine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
bovine enzyme has high specificity towards N-acetylserotonin, chicken enzyme methylates N-acetylserotonin and to some extent serotonin and bufotenine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme also catalyzes the conversion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetate to 5-methoxyindoleacetate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
absolute requirement for S-adenosylmethionine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. The ASMT activity (Vmax/Km) of OsCOMT is 609fold higher than that of rice ASMT1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. The ASMT activity (Vmax/Km) of OsCOMT is 609fold higher than that of rice ASMT1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
activity is controlled by the endogenous clock
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in pineal glands isolated in the morning 4 h magnetic field exposure changes melatonin release by affecting the signal transduction pathway leading from the norepinephrine receptor to N-acetyltransferase and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase and not via a direct effect at the enzyme levels
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in pineal glands isolated in the morning 4 h magnetic field exposure changes melatonin release by affecting the signal transduction pathway leading from the norepinephrine receptor to N-acetyltransferase and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase and not via a direct effect at the enzyme levels
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + serotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
additional information
?
-
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
N-acetylserotonin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine
-
formation of the hormone melatonin
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
the enzyme is involved in melatonin biosynthesis in egg yolk, overview
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin
-
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + serotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
enzyme AtASMT also O-methylates serotonin to produce 5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
?
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + serotonin
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5-methoxytryptamine
enzyme AtASMT also O-methylates serotonin to produce 5-methoxytryptamine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. COMT is a multifunctional enzyme methylating a diverse array of substrates, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and arylalkylamines
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. COMT is a multifunctional enzyme methylating a diverse array of substrates, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and arylalkylamines
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the AtASMT protein catalyzes the conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin and serotonin to 5-methoxytryptamine, respectively. The enzyme exhibits no caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity, suggesting that its function is highly specific to melatonin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the AtASMT protein catalyzes the conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin and serotonin to 5-methoxytryptamine, respectively. The enzyme exhibits no caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity, suggesting that its function is highly specific to melatonin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. COMT is a multifunctional enzyme methylating a diverse array of substrates, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and arylalkylamines
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the AtASMT protein catalyzes the conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin and serotonin to 5-methoxytryptamine, respectively. The enzyme exhibits no caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity, suggesting that its function is highly specific to melatonin synthesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme also catalyzes the conversion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetate to 5-methoxyindoleacetate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. The ASMT activity (Vmax/Km) of OsCOMT is 609fold higher than that of rice ASMT1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT), EC 2.1.1.68, methylates N-acetylserotonin into melatonin, it has N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) activity. The ASMT activity (Vmax/Km) of OsCOMT is 609fold higher than that of rice ASMT1
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in pineal glands isolated in the morning 4 h magnetic field exposure changes melatonin release by affecting the signal transduction pathway leading from the norepinephrine receptor to N-acetyltransferase and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase and not via a direct effect at the enzyme levels
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
in pineal glands isolated in the morning 4 h magnetic field exposure changes melatonin release by affecting the signal transduction pathway leading from the norepinephrine receptor to N-acetyltransferase and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase and not via a direct effect at the enzyme levels
-
-
?
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Breast Neoplasms
ASMT Regulates Tumor Metastasis Through the Circadian Clock System in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Breast Neoplasms
Cytoguardin: A Tryptophan Metabolite against Cancer Growth and Metastasis.
Carcinogenesis
Induction and growth of mammary tumors after superior cervical ganglionectomy in sighted and blinded-anosmic rats.
Choriocarcinoma
Human placental trophoblasts synthesize melatonin and express its receptors.
Colitis, Ulcerative
Evaluation of enterochromaffin cells and melatonin secretion exponents in ulcerative colitis.
Ganglion Cysts
Melatonin and 5-methoxytryptophol (5-ML) in nervous and/or neurosensory structures of a gastropod mollusc (Helix aspersa maxima): synthesis and diurnal rhythms.
Medulloblastoma
Expression of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase enzyme in the human central nervous system and in pineal parenchymal cell tumors.
Melanoma
Characterization of the serotoninergic system in the C57BL/6 mouse skin.
Melanoma
Conversion of L-tryptophan to serotonin and melatonin in human melanoma cells.
Melanoma
Serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems are fully expressed in human skin.
Neoplasms
ASMT Regulates Tumor Metastasis Through the Circadian Clock System in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Neoplasms
Biochemistry of the pineal gland as an endocrine organ.
Neoplasms
Cytoguardin: A Tryptophan Metabolite against Cancer Growth and Metastasis.
Neoplasms
Demonstration of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) mRNA expression in pineal parenchymal tumors: histochemical in situ hybridization.
Neoplasms
Effect of TNF-alpha on the melatonin synthetic pathway in the rat pineal gland: basis for a 'feedback' of the immune response on circadian timing.
Neoplasms
Expression of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase enzyme in the human central nervous system and in pineal parenchymal cell tumors.
Neoplasms
Histological features and expression of enzymes implicated in melatonin synthesis in pineal parenchymal tumours and in cultured tumoural pineal cells.
Neoplasms
Inhibitory effects of superior cervical ganglionectomy on dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors in the rat.
Neoplasms
Modification of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase activity in experimental pineocytomas induced in hamsters by a human papovavirus (JC).
Neoplasms
Restoration of hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase levels in human cancer cells induces a tryptophan-metabolic switch and attenuates cancer progression.
Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive
Expression of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase enzyme in the human central nervous system and in pineal parenchymal cell tumors.
Pinealoma
DEMONSTRATION OF HYDROXYINDOLE-O-METHYL TRANSFERASE, MELATONIN, AND SEROTONIN IN A METASTATIC PARENCHYMATOUS PINEALOMA.
Pinealoma
Demonstration of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) mRNA expression in pineal parenchymal tumors: histochemical in situ hybridization.
Pinealoma
Experimental and spontaneous pineal tumors: findings relating to endocrine and oncogenic factors and mechanisms.
Pinealoma
Immunoreactive S-antigen in cerebrospinal fluid: a marker of pineal parenchymal tumors?
Pinealoma
Microarray analysis reveals differential gene expression patterns in tumors of the pineal region.
Pinealoma
Modification of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase activity in experimental pineocytomas induced in hamsters by a human papovavirus (JC).
Retinitis Pigmentosa
Immunocytochemistry of retinitis pigmentosa retinas: localization of HIOMT immunoreactivity in surviving photoreceptor cells.
Retinoblastoma
Cyclic AMP and butyrate modulate melatonin synthesis in Y79 human retinoblastoma cells.
Retinoblastoma
Human hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase in pineal gland, retina and Y79 retinoblastoma cells.
Retinoblastoma
Hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase in Y-79 cells: regulation by serum.
Retinoblastoma
Hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase in Y-79 human retinoblastoma cells: effect of cell attachment.
Retinoblastoma
Regulation of AA-NAT and HIOMT gene expression by butyrate and cyclic AMP in Y79 human retinoblastoma cells.
Retinoblastoma
Retinoic acid increases hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase activity and mRNA in human Y-79 retinoblastoma cells.
Vitamin A Deficiency
Regulation of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase gene expression in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).
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evolution
the enzyme belongs to S-adenosyl-L-methionine dependent animal natural product O-methyltransferase
malfunction
lack of melatonin is a risk signal and will result in diabetes, psychiatric disorders, and other diverse medical conditions
malfunction
melatonin production is significantly reduced or increased when the rice plants overexpressed or suppressed the endogenous rice caffeic acid O-methyltransferase
malfunction
transgenic rice plants overexpressing rice caffeic acid O-methyltransferase/N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase show an increase in melatonin levels whereas transgenic rice plants suppressing the rice caffeic acid O-methyltransferase/N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase have a significant decrease on melatonin levels
metabolism
-
HIOMT is a key enzyms involved in melatonin synthesis
metabolism
-
last enzyme of the melatonin-synthesis pathway
metabolism
-
all three isozymes are involved in the biosynthesis of melatonin. the enzyme is involved in a general tryptophan metabolism pathway where it catalyzes the final reaction in the production of melatonin, converting normelatonin to melatonin (a neurohormone). The conversion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetate to 5-methoxyindoleacetate in the same pathway is also catalyzed by this enzyme. In general tryptophan metabolism pathway, tryptophan functions as a biochemical precursor for serotonin
metabolism
ASMT is a key enzyme to catalyse the terminal step of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine)
metabolism
in vivo role played by the COMT for biosynthesizing melatonin
metabolism
the enzyme catalyzes the conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin as the last step in melatonin biosynthesis. The enzyme exhibits no caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity, suggesting that its function is highly specific to melatonin synthesis
metabolism
-
the final two enzymes in the melatonin synthesis pathway in plants are serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) and N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT), which have thermophilic characteristics
metabolism
-
in vivo role played by the COMT for biosynthesizing melatonin
-
metabolism
-
the enzyme catalyzes the conversion of N-acetylserotonin to melatonin as the last step in melatonin biosynthesis. The enzyme exhibits no caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity, suggesting that its function is highly specific to melatonin synthesis
-
physiological function
-
HIOMT is required for full transcriptional activation in chicken embryonic retinal cells
physiological function
ASMT is a key enzyme to catalyse the terminal step of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine). Melatonin is related with various physiological functions, such as sleep induction, circadian rhythm regulation together with oxidative stress and immune response
physiological function
direct role of caffeic acid O-methyltransferase/N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase in melatonin biosynthesis in plants
physiological function
cassava bacterial blight induces the expression of transcription factor WRKY79 and heat-shock transcription factor Hsf20, and the induced WRKY79 and Hsf20 activate the expression of ASMT2 via binding to W-box and HSEs in the ASMT2 promotor, which in turn increases melatonin accumulation and confers improved disease resistance
physiological function
-
melatonin-deficient rice, in which expression of endogenous ASMT is suppressed, exhibits accelerated senescence in detached flag leaves, as well as significantly reduced yield
physiological function
rice leaves treated with flavonoids and then cadmium display lower melatonin levels than the flavonoid-untreated control
physiological function
the absence of pineal melatonin in pinealectomized animals phase shifts the daily peak of Asmt mRNA expression to daytime
additional information
roles of several residues around the active sites and methyl-transfer mechanism of human N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase, density function theory method, overview. residues H255, D256, E311, and R252 play an important role in reducing the barrier height and inducing methyl transfer. Some residues around the SAM in the centre of active site are essential factors to influence the mechanism and barrier height
additional information
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structural homology molecular modeling and model evaluation, molecular dynamics simulation, overview. Active site determination and modeling of ligand binding by the enzyme
additional information
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the daily melatonin levels in field-grown rice plants are unaffected as the positive effect of the relatively high temperature during the day is counteracted by the negative effect of the high light. The opposite effect occurs during the night, in which the positive effect of darkness on melatonin synthesis is counteracted by the negative effect of a low temperature
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